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Menjaga Kewarasan Nalar Publik

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Oleh : Hersubeno Arief

Bagi kalangan aktivis masyarakat madani (civil society) pekan-pekan belakangan ini adalah hari yang super sibuk. Anda tinggal memilih mau menggarap dan melakukan advokasi isu apa. Semuanya ada.

Kalau mau melihat dari sudut pandang yang “positif,” Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya dan tepat untuk mengasah kepekaaan dan kewarasan nalar kita. Seperti judul lagu lama dari group band Koes Plus “ Tongkat dan batu jadi tanaman,” semua hal bisa kita semai, menjadi sebuah isu, pro atau menentang publik.

Mari kita inventarisasi beberapa isu yang berseliweran di media dan ruang publik kita. Pembasmian etnis Muslim Rohingya di Myanmar, sertifikat Pulau C dan D, Meikarta, kriminalisasi penulis dan aktivis media sosial, KPK, utang pemerintah, pembangunan infrastruktur dan lain-lain. Silakan ditambahkan dengan berbagai isu lain yang bersifat lokal.

Coba perhatikan. Semua persoalan tadi bila kita cermati hanya bermuara pada satu hal, yakni soal pertarungan kekuasaan (power game). Secara sederhana bisa disebut, ujung-ujungnya soal Pilpres 2019. Soal Jokowi jadi presiden lagi atau tidak.Ada yang memang benar-benar berkaitan dengan pilpres, tapi ada juga yang coba dihubung-hubungkan, ada pula yang hanya karena paranoid penguasa.

Politik di Indonesia diredusir menjadi hanya persoalan who gets what, when and how (Laswell, 1936). Pembicaraan seputar politik hanya berkutat pada siapa dapat apa, kapan dan bagaimana caranya. Semua itu menjadi monopoli elit yang berkuasa bersama kroni—kroni dan para cukong politiknya.

Benar dalam demokrasi rakyat dilibatkan, namun hanya sebatas jelang pilkada, pileg atau pilpres. Setelah itu, proses politik, bagi-bagi kekuasaan berlangsung di belakang layar, di ruang tertutup. Rakyat tidak boleh tahu, dan kalau tahu, tidak boleh ikut bersuara. Dalam bahasa Ketua MPR Zulkifli Hasan, hak mereka telah diserahkan kepada para penguasa, melalui transaksi money politics. Jadi sudah lunas. Jangan ribut-ribut lagi.

Cara berpikir seperti ini membuat cara pandang penguasa menjadi sempit dan terbatas. Ekspresi pembelaan terhadap pembasmian etnis Rohingya hanya dilihat sebatas upaya untuk menjatuhkan pemerintahan Jokowi.

Polisi berubah menjadi alat kekuasaan. Setiap unjukrasa solidaritas Rohingya harus dihadapi dengan pengerahan pasukan yang berlebihan. Setiap percakapan di media sosial, dipelototi satu persatu, seolah tak ada pekerjaan lain yang lebih penting.

Ada pula kelompok aktivis yang selama ini paling kencang menjadi pembela hak-hak kaum minoritas, intoleransi, memanfaatkan tragedi muslim Rohingya sebagai momentum untuk menyerang balik. Mereka meredusir persoalan tersebut, dengan menyatakan bahwa yang namanya minoritas, dimana-mana yang begitulah nasibnya, ditindas. Juga di Indonesia.

Semua digiring dan dikanalisasi hanya menjadi satu persoalan sederhana. Bagaimana menjaga kelangsungan sebuah kekuasaan. Nalar sehatnya menjadi tumpul ketika bicara tentang kekuasaan. Mereka sangat khawatir kenikmatan sesaat itu, bakal terganggu. Seperti seekor kucing liar yang mendapat tulang. Dia akan menggeram dengan keras ketika ada kucing lain yang coba mendekat.

Berbagi Medan Pertempuran

Isu Rohingya hanya salah satu isu yang harus benar-benar dikawal agar kewarasan nalar kita sebagai manusia beradab terus terjaga. Agar bangsa dan para pemimpin negeri ini masih dianggap waras, oleh bangsa-bangsa lain di dunia. Tapi jangan semua larut dan mengerahkan semua sumber daya hanya untuk satu isu saja.

Seperti biasa ketika terjadi hiruk pikuk, kekacauan, ada penumpang gelap yang mencuri di tikungan. Bahkan ada yang sengaja memperbesar sebuah isu, untuk pengalihan isu lain yang tak kalah besarnya.

Keanehan penerbitan sertifikat Hak Pengelolaan Lahan (HPL), disusul penerbitan sertifikat Hak Guna Bangunan (HGB), dan pencabutan moratorium pembangunan Pulau C dan Pulau D reklamasi Pantai Utara Jakarta, harus membuat alarm tanda bahaya berdering.

Jangan kaget akan muncul keajaiban-keajaiban baru seputar proses reklamasi menjelang pelantikan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur DKI Jakarta Anies-Sandi. Sudah hampir dipastikan para pengembang dan penguasa yang menjadi pelindungnya, akan berkejaran dengan waktu mempercepat semua perizinan dan aspel legal formal, sebelum gubernur dan wagub baru dilantik.

Anies-sandi akan dihadapkan pada kenyataan, tidak ada lagi yang bisa diperbuat. Janji-janji kampanyenya tidak dapat dipenuhi. Tembok oligarki yang terdiri para penguasa dan penguasa yang mengkooptasi legislatif, aparat keamanan, media, LSM, akademisi, organisasi keagamaan, bahkan para pemuka agama, sangat kuat.

Ranjau untuk Anies-Sandi sudah ditebar dimana-mana. Salah injak, langsung meledak. Disitulah tugas masyarakat madani untuk mengawalnya.

Begitu pula dengan pembangunan kota Meikarta. Kendati pemprov Jabar, ombudsman RI dan Yayasan Lembaga Konsumen Indonesia (YLKI) telah menyerukan penghentian promosi dan penjualannya, semua seperti angin lalu saja.

Dengan kekuatan uangnya, Lippo bisa membeli dukungan media-media mainstream melalui gelontoran iklan besar-besaran. Dewan Pers sejauh ini juga belum terdengar reaksinya menyikapi perampasan ruang informasi publik oleh Meikarta.

Harus ada yang terus mengingatkan Dewan Pers, mereka tak boleh diam ketika guyuran uang besar memadamkan tembok api (firewall) yang harusnya menjadi batas tegas antara bisnis dan independensi redaksi.

Mereka tidak boleh diam, ketika Meikarta membanjiri media dengan iklan, advertorial, penulisan-penulisan artikel, testimoni publik figur, yang dikemas sedemikian rupa untuk mempengaruhi dan menipu publik.

Masyarakat madani juga harus mencermati siapa cagub/cawagub Jabar yang akan diternak menjadi penjaga kelangsungan proyek Meikarta. Melihat alur ceritanya, Meikarta serupa tapi tak sama dengan reklamasi Pantai Utara, Jakarta.

Isu yang juga tak kalah serius menyangkut kriminalisasi para penulis, wartawan dan pegiat media sosial yang kritis terhadap para penguasa. Itu semua tidak bisa dibiarkan. Berpikir, mengekspresikan kebebasan melalui ucapan dan tulisan adalah salah satu elemen terpenting dari sebuah negara demokrasi. Inti demokrasi, kata Aristoteles, adalah kebebasan. Sebuah kebebasan yang dilembagakan.

Semua isu tadi merupakan agenda penting yang harus terus dikawal. Dengan mengadopsi teknik dalam sepak bola, kekuatan masyarakat madani memang harus bermain total football dalam menggarap sebuah isu. Hanya dengan begitu pemerintah mendapat partner yang seimbang ketika pilar-pilar demokrasi yang lain seperti lembaga eksekutif, yudikatif dan media massa lumpuh atau dilumpuhkan.

Namun jangan lupa untuk menjaga berbagai isu-isu besar lainnya. Kita harus menerapkan zona marking, kalau perlu man to man marking. Jangan pernah bosan terus saling mengingatkan untuk menjaga kewarasan nalar publik.

Jangan Lewatkan

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