Merawat Penguatan Daya Tawar SDA Dengan PPHN

Nasional1,672 views

Catatan Awal Tahun 2023 Ketua MPR RI Bambang Soesatyo.

Ketua MPR RI/Kandidat Doktor Ilmu Hukum UNPAD/Dosen Tetap Fakultas Hukum, Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik (FHISIP) Universitas Terbuka

PENGUATAN daya tawar negara-bangsa bagi maksimalisasi pemanfaatan sumber daya alam (SDA) yang sedang berproses saat ini harus berlanjut dan diperkuat. Karena penguatan daya tawar itu bertujuan menyejahterakan seluruh rakyat, tidak boleh ada langkah mundur. Pokok-pokok Halauan Negara (PPHN) akan memastikan proses penguatan daya tawar itu dilanjutkan oleh generasi pemerintahan di masa depan.

Perubahan zaman dengan segala tuntutannya menjadikan ragam SDA yang terkandung di perut bumi Indonesia dibutuhkan industri global untuk membuat aneka produk. Ada nikel, bauksit, tembaga hingga timah. Hari-hari ini, misalnya, ketika banyak komunitas dan sejumlah entitas industri berbicara tentang kendaraan listrik, Indonesia dengan potensi nikel-nya yang besar menjadi salah satu dari sedikit negara yang dijadikan bahan pembicaraan.

Sudah menjadi pemahaman bersama bahwa nikel merupakan salah satu bahan baku utama untuk memproduksi kendaraan listrik, khususnya komponen baterai. Menggunakan nikel untuk baterai akan menghasilkan kepadatan energi yang lebih tinggi. Kapasitas penyimpanan lebih besar dengan biaya lebih rendah. Menurut Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM), Perut bumi Indonesia menyimpan cadangan nikel tidak kurang dari 72 juta ton. Jumlah cadangan nikel itu mencakup 52 persen dari total cadangan nikel dunia yang 139,4 juta ton.

Selain nikel, potensi kandungan bauksit juga sangat menjanjikan. Setelah diproses, bijih bauksit menjadi bahan baku untuk memproduksi aluminium yang manfaatnya sangat beragam. Antara lain untuk membuat peralatan dapur, kemasan makanan, hingga bahan untuk memproduksi tinta maupun besi dan baja. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa sumber daya bauksit terbesar ada di Kalimantan Barat dan Kepulauan Riau. Mengacu pada jumlah pemegang izin usaha pertambangan (IUP), potensi bauksit secara keseluruhan mencapai sekitar 3,47 miliar ton.

Dengan terbentuknya pasar yang baru disertai meningkatnya permintaan akan bahan-bahan tambang itu, adalah keniscayaan jika Indonesia pun membaharui orientasi pemanfaatan SDA. Sesuai titah konstitusi yang mewajibkan negara-bangsa memanfaatkan SDA untuk sebesar-besarnya kepentingan dan kesejahteraan rakyat, maka nilai tambah dari pemanfaatan ragam SDA itu pun harus dikembalikan atau diserahkan kepada rakyat Indonesia. Berpijak pada titah konstitusi itulah agenda atau program hilirisasi atas ragam SDA itu harus diwujudkan di dalam negeri, at all cost.

Segenap elemen masyarakyat hendaknya tidak ragu ketika pemerintah mulai berinisiatif memperbaiki tata kelola ragam SDA. Perubahan zaman dengan segala tuntutannya harus dijadikan momentum untuk memulai hilirisasi industri bahan tambang agar nilai tambah dari semua SDA itu diproses di dalam negeri. Hilirisasi memungkinkan Indonesia memproduksi aneka barang kebutuhan, yang sudah barang tentu akan menciptakan banyak lapangan kerja.

Pekerjaan besar generasi terkini dan generasi yang akan datang adalah membangun sistem dan sub-sistem yang mumpuni agar SDA seperti nikel, bauksit, tembaga hingga timah bisa teringetrasi untuk kemudian memampukan Indonesia memproduksi aneka barang jadi atau setengah jadi. Sistem dan proses yang demikian pasti memberikan nilai tambah maksimal rakyat Indonesia.

Sebagaimana telah disimak bersama, pemerintah telah memulai langkah-langkah pembaruan tata kelola SDA. Setelah berhasil menguasai porsi saham mayoritas sebesar 51,23 persen pada PT Freeport Indonesia di tahun 2018, upaya memaksimalisasi pemanfaatan SDA terus berlanjut. Terhitung sejak Januari 2020, Indonesia memberlakukan larangan ekspor bijih nikel. Larangan itu ditetapkan dengan Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 11 Tahun 2019.

Menyusul kemudian adalah larangan ekspor bijih bauksit sebagai langkah awal mendorong industri pengolahan dan pemurnian bauksit di dalam negeri. Pemerintah telah membuat pernyataan resmi bagi larangan ekspor bijih bauksit selepas paruh pertama tahun 2023. “Mulai Juni 2023, pemerintah akan melarang ekspor bijih bauksit,” ujar Presiden Joko Widodo pada pekan ketiga Desember 2022.

Sebelumnya, pemerintah juga telah berhasil mengambilalih ladang minyak blok Rokan dan Blok Mahakam, setelah puluhan tahun pengelolaannya dikendalikan perusahaan asing. Tak berhenti sampai di situ, Pemerintah pun telah memastikan pembaruan tata kelola SDA akan berlanjut.

Ketika membuka Rapat Koordinasi Nasional (Rakornas) Investasi Tatimbhun 2022 di Jakarta pada Akhir November 2022, Presiden Joko Widodo mendorong semua jajaran pemerintah untuk terus melakukan hilirisasi atas bahan tambang milik Indonesia. Presiden meminta agar penghentian ekspor dalam bentuk bahan mentah tidak hanya berhenti pada komoditas nikel saja. Selain Nikel dan bauksit, Pemerintah pun tengah mempertimbangkan penghentian ekspor tembaga.

Menag, harus tumbuh keberanian untuk berhenti ekspor bahan mentah. Orientasi pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan SDA harus beralih dan berfokus pada pencarian nilai tambah yang multiplier effect-nya menghadirkan manfaat bagi lebih banyak orang.

Tahun-tahun ketika Indonesia fokus ekspor nikel dalam bentuk bahan mentah, nilai perolehannya hanya sekitar 1,1 miliar dolar AS. Setelah pemerintah memiliki smelter dan menghentikan ekspor bahan mentah, nilai perolehan ekspor nikel tahun 2021 melompat 18 kali lipat, menjadi 20,8 miliar dolar AS atau Rp 300 Triliun lebih.

Pembaruan tata kelola SDA Indonesia pasti menghadapi tantangan. Tak hanya tantangan berupa kesiapan tenaga kerja lokal, melainkan juga perlawanan dari negara-negara mitra dagang. Penghentian ekspor bahan mentah nikel digugat Uni Eropa melalui Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia (WTO). Memasuki paruh ketiga Oktober 2022, Indonesia dinyatakan kalah karena melanggar ketentuan WTO tentang larangan ekspor nikel. Namun, Indonesia tidak mundur atau menyerah begitu saja. Presiden Joko Widodo memerintahkan Menteri Luar Negeri untuk merespons keputusan WTO itu dengan mengajukan banding.

Penguatan daya tawar pemanfaatan SDA yang sedang berproses sekarang tentu saja harus dirawat dan diperkuat dari waktu ke waktu dengan segala risikonya. Karena Indonesia pun berambisi menjadi negara maju dan makmur, mestinya tidak ada langkah mundur dari proses penguatan daya tawar sekarang ini.

Saat berpidato pada HUT PDIP ke-50 di Jakarta, baru-baru ini, Presiden mendorong keberanian semua elemen bangsa untuk terus bergerak maju mewujudkan kesetaraan di antara bangsa-bangsa. Kendati digugat, Indonesia tidak boleh takut. kekayaan SDA indonesia harus dinikmati oleh rakyat Indonesia. Presiden merasa perlu menegaskan lagi hal ini, “Karena saya ingin presiden ke depan juga berani melanjutkannya. Tidak gampang ciut nyali, tidak gentar, demi kepentingan bangsa, demi kepentingan negara.”

Boleh jadi, pernyataan seperti itu mencerminkan kegelisahan Presiden. Dari pernyataan itu, layak dimunculkan pertanyaan tentang “adakah jaminan dan kepastian bahwa proses penguatan daya tawar pemanfaatan SDA Indonesia akan berlanjuta di masa datang?”

PPHN yang sedang dirumuskan MPR RI memberi perhatian khusus tentang masa depan pemanfaatan SDA. MPR sepakat dengan kebijakan dan langkah-langkah yang sudah dijabarkan pemerintah sejauh ini. Karena sangat penting dan strategis, PPHN memastikan bahwa proses penguatan daya tawar SDA itu akan berkesinambungan dan wajib diterima sebagai keniscayaan.

PPHN tentang maksimalisasi pemanfaatan SDA harus menjadi pedoman bersama pemimpin nasional Indonesia dari masa ke masa. Sebab, PPHN merupakan instrumen konkret kedaulatan rakyat yang dioperasionalisasi untuk membangun negara kesejahteraan oleh pemerintah Pusat, pemerintah daerah, dan seluruh komponen bangsa. Maka, PPHN yang telah disepakati dan ditetapkan wajib dilaksanakan oleh Presiden demi kesejahteraan rakyat.

  1. Tentang landasan hukum PPHN akan ditetapkan kemudian. Bisa saja ditetapkan beralaskan dasar hukum konvensi ketatanegaraan. Atau, PPHN juga dapat dilaksanakan melalui reformulasi kedudukan TAP MPR dalam UU Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan dan UU MD3. Namun, ada jaminan bahwa PPHN akan memastikan proses penguatan daya tawar pemanfaatan SDA Indonesia dilanjutkan oleh generasi pemerintahan di masa depan.

Tinggalkan Balasan

Alamat email Anda tidak akan dipublikasikan. Ruas yang wajib ditandai *

119 komentar

  1. Have you ever considered about including a little bit more than just your articles? I mean, what you say is important and everything. Nevertheless think of if you added some great visuals or video clips to give your posts more, “pop”! Your content is excellent but with pics and video clips, this website could definitely be one of the very best in its niche. Fantastic blog!

  2. Hi there! I just wanted to ask if you ever have any trouble with hackers? My last blog (wordpress) was hacked and I ended up losing many months of hard work due to no backup. Do you have any methods to prevent hackers?

  3. What i don’t understood is actually how you’re not really much more well-liked than you may be right now. You’re very intelligent. You realize thus significantly relating to this subject, made me personally consider it from so many varied angles. Its like men and women aren’t fascinated unless it?s one thing to do with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs outstanding. Always maintain it up!

  4. Terrific work! This is the type of information that should be shared around the internet. Shame on Google for not positioning this post higher! Come on over and visit my web site . Thanks =)

  5. I’ve been browsing online more than three hours nowadays, but I by no means discovered any attention-grabbing article like yours. It is pretty value enough for me. In my opinion, if all website owners and bloggers made just right content as you probably did, the net will probably be a lot more helpful than ever before.

  6. I have acquired some new issues from your site about computers. Another thing I have always presumed is that computer systems have become an item that each household must have for several reasons. They supply you with convenient ways to organize homes, pay bills, search for information, study, focus on music and perhaps watch tv shows. An innovative method to complete every one of these tasks is by using a computer. These desktops are mobile, small, robust and easily transportable.

  7. Whats up this is kind of of off topic but I was wondering if blogs use WYSIWYG editors or if you have to manually code with HTML. I’m starting a blog soon but have no coding know-how so I wanted to get advice from someone with experience. Any help would be enormously appreciated!

  8. Today, while I was at work, my cousin stole my iPad and tested to see if it can survive a forty foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is entirely off topic but I had to share it with someone!

  9. Hey there! Do you know if they make any plugins to help with Search Engine Optimization? I’m trying to get my blog to rank for some targeted keywords but I’m not seeing very good gains. If you know of any please share. Cheers!

  10. whoah this blog is excellent i love reading your posts. Keep up the great work! You know, lots of people are searching around for this info, you can help them greatly.

  11. I have taken notice that in old digital cameras, exceptional devices help to {focus|concentrate|maintain focus|target|a**** automatically. The sensors of some cams change in in the area of contrast, while others employ a beam of infra-red (IR) light, specifically in low lumination. Higher specification cameras occasionally use a mixture of both techniques and could have Face Priority AF where the video camera can ‘See’ the face while focusing only upon that. Thank you for sharing your ideas on this blog site.

  12. What an eye-opening and well-researched article! The author’s meticulousness and aptitude to present intricate ideas in a digestible manner is truly admirable. I’m thoroughly captivated by the breadth of knowledge showcased in this piece. Thank you, author, for offering your wisdom with us. This article has been a real game-changer!

  13. Interesting article. It is quite unfortunate that over the last 10 years, the travel industry has already been able to to deal with terrorism, SARS, tsunamis, bird flu, swine flu, along with the first ever true global tough economy. Through everything the industry has proven to be sturdy, resilient along with dynamic, acquiring new solutions to deal with difficulty. There are generally fresh complications and the opportunity to which the field must again adapt and react.

  14. I have taken notice that in digital cameras, specialized sensors help to {focus|concentrate|maintain focus|target|a**** automatically. The particular sensors regarding some digital cameras change in contrast, while others employ a beam with infra-red (IR) light, especially in low light. Higher specs cameras often use a blend of both models and may have Face Priority AF where the dslr camera can ‘See’ a new face and concentrate only on that. Many thanks for sharing your ideas on this site.

  15. I would also like to convey that most individuals that find themselves without having health insurance are generally students, self-employed and people who are without a job. More than half of those uninsured are under the age of Thirty five. They do not experience they are looking for health insurance since they’re young and healthy. The income is usually spent on houses, food, as well as entertainment. A lot of people that do represent the working class either full or as a hobby are not supplied insurance via their jobs so they get along without due to the rising price of health insurance in the United States. Thanks for the strategies you reveal through this website.

  16. I haven?t checked in here for some time as I thought it was getting boring, but the last several posts are great quality so I guess I will add you back to my daily bloglist. You deserve it my friend 🙂

  17. I acquired more new stuff on this weight-loss issue. Just one issue is a good nutrition is tremendously vital whenever dieting. A tremendous reduction in fast foods, sugary foods, fried foods, sweet foods, pork, and white-colored flour products could be necessary. Having wastes harmful bacteria, and toxins may prevent objectives for losing weight. While specific drugs temporarily solve the problem, the horrible side effects are not worth it, they usually never supply more than a momentary solution. This is a known proven fact that 95 of dietary fads fail. Many thanks for sharing your notions on this website.

  18. Today, with all the fast life-style that everyone is having, credit cards have a huge demand in the economy. Persons out of every area of life are using credit card and people who are not using the credit cards have made up their minds to apply for even one. Thanks for spreading your ideas in credit cards.

  19. Greetings from California! I’m bored to tears at work so I decided to browse your site on my iphone during lunch break. I enjoy the knowledge you provide here and can’t wait to take a look when I get home. I’m surprised at how quick your blog loaded on my mobile .. I’m not even using WIFI, just 3G .. Anyways, great site!

  20. I was just looking for this information for some time. After six hours of continuous Googleing, finally I got it in your website. I wonder what’s the lack of Google strategy that don’t rank this kind of informative sites in top of the list. Generally the top websites are full of garbage.

  21. Wonderful work! This is the type of information that should be shared around the internet. Shame on the search engines for not positioning this post higher! Come on over and visit my site . Thanks =)

  22. Hi there, simply was aware of your weblog via Google, and located that it is truly informative. I?m going to watch out for brussels. I will appreciate if you happen to proceed this in future. Numerous folks will be benefited out of your writing. Cheers!

  23. Do you have a spam problem on this website; I also am a blogger, and I was wondering your situation; many of us have developed some nice procedures and we are looking to exchange techniques with others, please shoot me an email if interested.

  24. Woah! I’m really digging the template/theme of this website. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s difficult to get that “perfect balance” between user friendliness and visual appearance. I must say you’ve done a fantastic job with this. Additionally, the blog loads super quick for me on Firefox. Excellent Blog!

  25. Magnificent goods from you, man. I have understand your stuff previous to and you are just too excellent. I really like what you have acquired here, certainly like what you’re stating and the way in which you say it. You make it entertaining and you still take care of to keep it smart. I can’t wait to read far more from you. This is really a wonderful website.

  26. Hello there! This is kind of off topic but I need some advice from an established blog. Is it tough to set up your own blog? I’m not very techincal but I can figure things out pretty quick. I’m thinking about making my own but I’m not sure where to begin. Do you have any ideas or suggestions? Cheers

  27. I am now not certain where you’re getting your information, but good topic. I needs to spend a while learning more or working out more. Thank you for excellent info I used to be looking for this info for my mission.

  28. One thing I would really like to comment on is that weightloss system fast may be accomplished by the perfect diet and exercise. Someone’s size not only affects appearance, but also the actual quality of life. Self-esteem, depressive disorders, health risks, in addition to physical capabilities are afflicted in extra weight. It is possible to just make everything right and at the same time having a gain. In such a circumstance, a medical problem may be the reason. While too much food and never enough exercising are usually responsible, common medical conditions and widely used prescriptions could greatly amplify size. Thanks alot : ) for your post right here.

  29. Usually I don’t read article on blogs, but I wish to say that this write-up very forced me to try and do so! Your writing style has been surprised me. Thanks, very nice post.

  30. Great post. I was checking constantly this blog and I am impressed! Very helpful info particularly the last part 🙂 I care for such info much. I was seeking this certain info for a long time. Thank you and good luck.

  31. I have observed that car insurance organizations know the vehicles which are at risk from accidents along with other risks. In addition, they know what sort of cars are susceptible to higher risk along with the higher risk they have got the higher a premium fee. Understanding the easy basics involving car insurance just might help you choose the right types of insurance policy which will take care of the needs you have in case you happen to be involved in any accident. Appreciate your sharing the particular ideas with your blog.

  32. Incredible! This blog looks exactly like my old one! It’s on a totally different topic but it has pretty much the same page layout and design. Excellent choice of colors!

  33. Whoa! This blog looks just like my old one! It’s on a entirely different subject but it has pretty much the same layout and design. Excellent choice of colors!

  34. One thing I’ve noticed is there are plenty of myths regarding the banks intentions any time talking about property foreclosures. One delusion in particular is the bank would like your house. The bank wants your cash, not your house. They want the funds they gave you with interest. Staying away from the bank is only going to draw the foreclosed summary. Thanks for your write-up.

  35. I can’t believe how amazing this article is! The author has done a phenomenal job of delivering the information in an engaging and educational manner. I can’t thank him enough for providing such priceless insights that have undoubtedly enriched my knowledge in this topic. Hats off to her for producing such a masterpiece!

  36. I?ll immediately grasp your rss as I can not find your e-mail subscription hyperlink or newsletter service. Do you’ve any? Please allow me realize in order that I may just subscribe. Thanks.

  37. This is the suitable blog for anyone who desires to seek out out about this topic. You realize so much its almost hard to argue with you (not that I truly would want?HaHa). You definitely put a brand new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, simply nice!

  38. Very nice post. I simply stumbled upon your blog and wished to say that I’ve truly enjoyed browsing your weblog posts. In any case I will be subscribing for your rss feed and I’m hoping you write again soon!

  39. Thanks for discussing your ideas on this blog. Also, a fairy tale regarding the banking companies intentions when talking about foreclosed is that the lender will not have my installments. There is a specific amount of time in which the bank will take payments every now and then. If you are way too deep in the hole, they are going to commonly desire that you pay the actual payment in full. However, i am not saying that they will not take any sort of payments at all. In the event you and the loan company can manage to work some thing out, a foreclosure process may stop. However, in the event you continue to miss payments in the new strategy, the foreclosed process can just pick up where it was left off.

  40. One thing is always that one of the most typical incentives for applying your cards is a cash-back or perhaps rebate provision. Generally, you get 1-5 back upon various purchases. Depending on the card, you may get 1 back on most expenditures, and 5 again on expenditures made on convenience stores, gasoline stations, grocery stores in addition to ‘member merchants’.

  41. Thanks for your concepts. One thing we’ve noticed is that banks in addition to financial institutions really know the spending habits of consumers and as well understand that most people max out their own credit cards around the trips. They properly take advantage of this fact and commence flooding a person’s inbox along with snail-mail box with hundreds of Zero APR card offers soon after the holiday season concludes. Knowing that if you are like 98 in the American open public, you’ll hop at the possiblity to consolidate consumer credit card debt and transfer balances for 0 rate credit cards.

  42. Hello there, I found your web site via Google while looking for a related topic, your website came up, it looks good. I’ve bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.

  43. I have realized that over the course of constructing a relationship with real estate managers, you’ll be able to get them to understand that, in most real estate financial transaction, a fee is paid. In the end, FSBO sellers never “save” the payment. Rather, they try to earn the commission through doing the agent’s job. In accomplishing this, they invest their money along with time to carry out, as best they could, the obligations of an broker. Those assignments include uncovering the home through marketing, showing the home to prospective buyers, building a sense of buyer urgency in order to prompt an offer, organizing home inspections, taking on qualification inspections with the bank, supervising repairs, and assisting the closing.

  44. I have noticed that in cameras, special detectors help to {focus|concentrate|maintain focus|target|a**** automatically. The particular sensors regarding some camcorders change in contrast, while others utilize a beam involving infra-red (IR) light, especially in low light. Higher specification cameras from time to time use a mix of both programs and could have Face Priority AF where the digicam can ‘See’ your face as you concentrate only in that. Thanks for sharing your ideas on this blog site.

  45. Thanks for the concepts you have provided here. Also, I believe usually there are some factors that really keep your motor insurance premium straight down. One is, to consider buying vehicles that are within the good report on car insurance firms. Cars that are expensive will be more at risk of being snatched. Aside from that insurance policies are also depending on the value of your car or truck, so the more pricey it is, then the higher this premium you pay.

  46. I have observed that online diploma is getting favorite because obtaining your degree online has turned into a popular solution for many people. A huge number of people have certainly not had a possibility to attend an established college or university however seek the increased earning possibilities and career advancement that a Bachelors Degree provides. Still others might have a degree in one field but would wish to pursue a thing they already have an interest in.

  47. I really like your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did you make this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you? Plz reply as I’m looking to construct my own blog and would like to know where u got this from. appreciate it

  48. You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I find this matter to be really something which I think I would never understand. It seems too complex and extremely broad for me. I’m looking forward for your next post, I will try to get the hang of it!

  49. Oh my goodness! a tremendous article dude. Thank you Nevertheless I’m experiencing difficulty with ur rss . Don?t know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody getting an identical rss problem? Anybody who knows kindly respond. Thnkx

  50. Thanks for your publication. What I want to comment on is that when you are evaluating a good on-line electronics go shopping, look for a web-site with comprehensive information on important factors such as the level of privacy statement, security details, any payment methods, and various terms as well as policies. Continually take time to look into the help and also FAQ pieces to get a much better idea of how the shop performs, what they can do for you, and exactly how you can make the most of the features.

  51. Thanks for the strategies you have shared here. Moreover, I believe there are a few factors which keep your automobile insurance premium down. One is, to take into account buying vehicles that are inside the good report on car insurance corporations. Cars that happen to be expensive are definitely more at risk of being snatched. Aside from that insurance coverage is also using the value of the car, so the more expensive it is, then the higher a premium you only pay.

  52. Heya i am for the first time here. I found this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out much. I hope to give something back and aid others like you helped me.

  53. Thanks for your publication. I would like to opinion that the first thing you will need to conduct is to see if you really need repairing credit. To do that you simply must get your hands on a copy of your credit score. That should really not be difficult, ever since the government makes it necessary that you are allowed to obtain one no cost copy of your credit report per year. You just have to ask the right individuals. You can either find out from the website for the Federal Trade Commission or contact one of the major credit agencies specifically.

News Feed